diff --git a/kb_pipeline/schemas.py b/kb_pipeline/schemas.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4504a6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kb_pipeline/schemas.py
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+"""Core Pipeline Schemas
+
+定义工作流管道的核心 Schema，包括 StepInput、StepOutput、StepResult、
+StepStatus、StepRecord、WorkflowState 和 StepDefinition。
+使用 Pydantic v2 确保类型安全和自动验证。
+"""
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+from typing import Optional, Dict, Literal, Any
+from datetime import datetime
+from enum import Enum
+
+
+class StepStatus(str, Enum):
+    """步骤执行状态枚举"""
+    PENDING = "pending"
+    RUNNING = "running"
+    COMPLETED = "completed"
+    FAILED = "failed"
+    SKIPPED = "skipped"
+
+
+class StepInput(BaseModel):
+    """所有步骤输入的基类
+
+    Attributes:
+        content_id: 内容唯一标识，如 B站 BV号、知乎回答ID等
+        platform: 平台名称，限定为 bilibili 或 zhihu
+    """
+    content_id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, description="内容唯一标识")
+    platform: Literal["bilibili", "zhihu"] = Field(..., description="平台名称")
+
+
+class StepOutput(BaseModel):
+    """所有步骤输出的基类
+
+    Attributes:
+        success: 步骤是否成功执行
+        error_message: 错误信息，成功时为 None
+        completed_at: 完成时间，默认为当前时间
+    """
+    success: bool = Field(..., description="步骤是否成功")
+    error_message: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="错误信息")
+    completed_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now, description="完成时间")
+
+
+class StepResult(BaseModel):
+    """步骤执行结果
+
+    包含步骤的输入、输出和执行状态。
+
+    Attributes:
+        step_name: 步骤名称
+        input_data: 步骤输入数据
+        output_data: 步骤输出数据，可能为 None
+        status: 步骤执行状态
+    """
+    step_name: str = Field(..., description="步骤名称")
+    input_data: StepInput = Field(..., description="步骤输入数据")
+    output_data: Optional[StepOutput] = Field(None, description="步骤输出数据")
+    status: StepStatus = Field(default=StepStatus.PENDING, description="步骤执行状态")
+
+
+class StepRecord(BaseModel):
+    """单个步骤的执行记录
+
+    记录步骤执行的状态、时间和结果摘要。
+
+    Attributes:
+        step_name: 步骤名称
+        status: 步骤执行状态
+        started_at: 开始时间
+        completed_at: 完成时间
+        error_message: 错误信息
+        output_summary: 输出摘要
+    """
+    step_name: str = Field(..., description="步骤名称")
+    status: StepStatus = Field(..., description="步骤执行状态")
+    started_at: Optional[datetime] = Field(None, description="开始时间")
+    completed_at: Optional[datetime] = Field(None, description="完成时间")
+    error_message: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="错误信息")
+    output_summary: Optional[str] = Field(None, description="输出摘要")
+
+
+class WorkflowState(BaseModel):
+    """工作流状态 - 存储在 workflow_state.json
+
+    管理整个工作流的状态，包括内容信息、执行历史和步骤状态。
+
+    Attributes:
+        schema_version: Schema 版本号
+        content_id: 内容唯一标识
+        platform: 平台名称
+        source_url: 原始链接
+        created_at: 创建时间
+        updated_at: 更新时间
+        steps: 步骤执行记录字典
+    """
+    schema_version: str = Field(default="1.0", description="Schema 版本号")
+    content_id: str = Field(..., description="内容唯一标识")
+    platform: str = Field(..., description="平台名称")
+    source_url: str = Field(..., description="原始链接")
+    created_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now, description="创建时间")
+    updated_at: datetime = Field(default_factory=datetime.now, description="更新时间")
+    steps: Dict[str, StepRecord] = Field(default_factory=dict, description="步骤执行记录")
+
+    def is_step_completed(self, step_name: str) -> bool:
+        """检查指定步骤是否已完成
+
+        Args:
+            step_name: 步骤名称
+
+        Returns:
+            如果步骤存在且状态为 COMPLETED 返回 True，否则返回 False
+        """
+        record = self.steps.get(step_name)
+        return record is not None and record.status == StepStatus.COMPLETED
+
+    def mark_step_started(self, step_name: str) -> None:
+        """标记步骤开始执行
+
+        Args:
+            step_name: 步骤名称
+        """
+        self.steps[step_name] = StepRecord(
+            step_name=step_name,
+            status=StepStatus.RUNNING,
+            started_at=datetime.now()
+        )
+        self.updated_at = datetime.now()
+
+    def mark_step_completed(self, step_name: str, output_summary: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        """标记步骤完成
+
+        Args:
+            step_name: 步骤名称
+            output_summary: 输出摘要（可选）
+        """
+        if step_name in self.steps:
+            self.steps[step_name].status = StepStatus.COMPLETED
+            self.steps[step_name].completed_at = datetime.now()
+            self.steps[step_name].output_summary = output_summary
+        else:
+            self.steps[step_name] = StepRecord(
+                step_name=step_name,
+                status=StepStatus.COMPLETED,
+                completed_at=datetime.now(),
+                output_summary=output_summary
+            )
+        self.updated_at = datetime.now()
+
+    def mark_step_failed(self, step_name: str, error_message: str) -> None:
+        """标记步骤失败
+
+        Args:
+            step_name: 步骤名称
+            error_message: 错误信息
+        """
+        if step_name in self.steps:
+            self.steps[step_name].status = StepStatus.FAILED
+            self.steps[step_name].error_message = error_message
+            self.steps[step_name].completed_at = datetime.now()
+        else:
+            self.steps[step_name] = StepRecord(
+                step_name=step_name,
+                status=StepStatus.FAILED,
+                error_message=error_message,
+                completed_at=datetime.now()
+            )
+        self.updated_at = datetime.now()
+
+
+class StepDefinition(BaseModel):
+    """步骤定义 - 描述步骤的前置条件、输出格式、成功标准
+
+    Attributes:
+        step_name: 步骤名称
+        description: 步骤描述
+        input_schema: 输入 Schema 类型
+        output_schema: 输出 Schema 类型
+        dependencies: 依赖的步骤列表
+    """
+    step_name: str = Field(..., description="步骤名称")
+    description: str = Field(..., description="步骤描述")
+    input_schema: type[StepInput] = Field(..., description="输入 Schema 类型")
+    output_schema: type[StepOutput] = Field(..., description="输出 Schema 类型")
+    dependencies: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list, description="依赖的步骤列表")
diff --git a/pytest.ini b/pytest.ini
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c7b23ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pytest.ini
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[pytest]
+pythonpath = .
+testpaths = tests