Zhihu HTML structure includes noscript fallback images:
<figure><img data-actualsrc=...><noscript><img src=...></noscript></figure>
After fixing lazy-load (replacing src with data-actualsrc), both imgs
have real URLs, causing duplicates. The fix removes noscript tags before
processing img elements.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>